Factors of courage Essay

In this essay I will consider the social, economic and political factors of courage. Many an afternoon has been enjoyed by a family, bonding over the discussion of courage. While much has been written on its influence on contemporary living, it is important to remember that ‘what goes up must come down.’ Often it is seen as both a help and a hinderence to those politicaly minded individuals living in the past, many of whom fail to comprehend the full scope of courage. At the heart of the subject are a number of key factors. I plan to examine each of these factors in detail and and asses their importance. Social Factors Society begins and ends with courage. The immortal and indispensable phrase ‘honesty is the best policy’ [1] shead new light on courage, allowing man to take it by the hand and understand its momentum. Much has been said about the influence of the media on courage. Observers claim it is crunchy on the outside but soft in the middle. Nothing represents every day life better than courage, and I mean nothing. Just as a dog will return to its own sick, society will return to courage, again and again. Economic Factors Economics has been defined as ‘I’ll scratch your back if you scratch mine.’ To my learned ear that sounds like two people with itchy backs. Of course, courage fits perfectly into the Inter-Spam model of economics. The statistics make it clear that courage is a major market factor. In spite of the best efforts of The World Bank the cost of living world wide are driven entirely by courage. The financial press seems unable to make up its mind on these issues which unsettles investors. Political Factors No man is an island, but what of politics? Comparing the ideals of the young with the reality felt by their elders is like contrasting playing with a puppy and singing with a blackbird. In the words of one of the great political analysts Odysseus T. Time ‘Political idealists must ideally deal, for I daily list my ideals politically.’ [2] This clearly illustrates the primary concern of those involved with courage. It would be wise to approach the subject with the thought that ‘if you don’t have anything nice to say, don’t say anything at all’. However this can lead to missing out important facts. I wait anxiously. What will the next few years bring for courage? Conclusion What can we conclude? Well, courage is, to use the language of the streets ‘Super Cool.’ It inspires, brings glamour to an unglamorous time and is a joy to behold. I’ll leave you with this quote from Leonardo Beckham: ‘It’s been nice educating you.’ [3] [1] Traditional – possibly first said by King Arthor†¦ but probably not. [2] Time – Yes Indeed – 1987 Indegro Books [3] Smashing Hits – Issue 224 – Jazz Media

Type-1 Diabetes And Nutrition

NUTRITION AND DIABETES (TYPE-1)The purpose of this paper is to define diabetes and see the impact different factors like breastfeeding and nutrition have on it state.DIABETESDiabetes is a metabolic disorder in which the body is unable to break down insulin, a chemical that the body produces that is responsible to convert sugar, starches and carbohydrates etc in to energy. This results in abnormal sugar production in the body and the patient typically faces the problem of ‘sweet urine’ which is produced excessively. The exact cause of this disease is still unknown as there are a number of hereditary and environmental factors including a low-physical-activity lifestyle and being over weighted.Types of Diabetes:The WHO recognizes three major categories of this disorder according to cause and population distribution as Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational Diabetes. Almost 18.3% of US population is affected by diabetes. Of the affected, only 8-10% of patients have type 1 which is m ore common in children and young adults and the remaining population is reported to be effected by Type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes usually occurs in women immediately after pregnancy. Only 5 to 10% of women report this disorder.Type-1 Diabetes:Type-1 diabetes typically occurs because the body totally fails to produce insulin at all; hence sugar is not converted in to energy and thus the excess sugar disorder. Type 1 diabetes can occur due to several other reasons. Sometimes, it follows viral infections like influenza, mumps etc or polio attacks. Other times it follows injury to, or surgical procedures like removal of, pancreas etc. Common symptoms include increased thirst, fatigue, excess urination, weight loss, yeast infection (affecting the genitals) etcThis state, if not taken good care of, can dangerously lead to other complications in later stages. Type-1 diabetes exposes a patient to the risk of getting various heart, kidney, oral and eye related disorders including the increased risk of suffering with strokes or heart attacks, damaged kidneys, blindness, gum disease, and some skin problems. Diabetic patients are also vulnerable to several neurological complications including acute depression, diabetic neuropathy etc.AFFECT OF BREASTFEEDINGIt is commonly believed that a diabetic mother can't breastfeed her newborn. Research proves otherwise. It's clinically proven that breastfeeding is good for both a breastfeeding mother and the health of the newborn. In fact research has shown that breastfeeding can actually reduce the risk of developing type-1 diabetes in kids [1]. Breastfeeding can actually help mother's body regulate insulin levels and even lose weight. Therefore the necessity to breastfeed should be emphasized over mothers for healthier babies with reduced risks of developing diabetes. Mothers need to take special care of their health and monitor blood glucose level carefully.NUTRITION AND DIABETESThe patients need to regulate the amount of s ugar intake and include exercise in their routine to properly burn fats and carbohydrates. They can take sugar but need to watch its quantity really carefully. A typical diabetic diet consists of 60% calories from carbohydrates, 20% from proteins and 30% from fats.   Patients are advised to talk through the diet in detail with the doctor. Including the right mix of food and nutrition, patients can live healthy and long.ReferencesAmerican Academy for Family of Physicians/ FamilyDoctor.org (2006). Diabetes and Nutrition. Retrieved mar 18th, 2009 from   Ã‚  American Diabetes Association/ diabetes.org (2009). All about diabetes. Retrieved mar 18th, 2009 from Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation/ JDRF.org (2009). What is diabetes. Retrieved mar 18th, 2009 from Nagin, Melissa Kotlen (2009). The Diabetic Breastfeeding Mother. New York Times Company/ Retrieved mar 18th, 2009 from   National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse. Diabetes Overview NetDoctor.co.uk/ Dr  Jan Erik  Henri ksen, Dr  Ole. (22.09.2008). Type1 Diabetes. Retrieved mar 18th, 2009 from

Democracy vs Dictatorship

I choose democracy as a more efficient type of government over dictatorship for these three simple reasons right her equal rights for all people, political freedom, and freedom of choice. I know you as a reader notice how every reason has the word freedom in it. This is because with a dictatorship there is no freedom, which show the ovbious reason why democracy is suprior. Democracy is a system of government in which political authority is held by the people. Democracies typically feature constitutional governments with majority rules. This is to keep they peace among the people â€Å"they equally voted for whoever or whatever†. Freedom of expression in a dictatorship doesn't exist. With a dictator if you disargee with him/she you know that your better off not saying anything, because with a militarylistic type of ruler most likely your either imprsioned or killed. Freedom of expression is important mainly because if you only have one view of something how could it not be one sided, without oppions you'll never come up with a plan that suits everybody that can be effected. Political freedom is way be on important. Not being able to choose who runs the place where you live is like paying rent for someone esle's apartment. You have no say in what goes on wither it be about war, taxes, and even sometimes rules. Can you even picture life without your freedom of choice? This means you dont get to choice where you live, jobs, what you want to be, and etc. â€Å"Shoot† if your dictator doesn't want you to speak english anymore and you don't know any other language then you just dont talk. Can you imagine living like that? So I conclude that freedom of choice, political freedom, and freedom of expression are some major reasons for the supriority of an democracy over an dictatorship. If you don't believe that it's better then go to Cuba and live with Castro and see how you like it. Then write me and tell me how you feel about, because your under his rule now if he doesnt want you to leave then you can even come back and tell how you feel.

Professional Accountant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Professional Accountant - Essay Example This is based on the Financial Services Markets Act of 2000. The Corporate Governance Code of 2010 is overseen by the Financial Reporting Council. Thus, public listed companies must comply with the UK Corporate Governance Code 2010. Those who fail to comply with the corporate governance Code have to explain why they departed from it. Private companies are encouraged to use the UK Corporate Governance Code of 2010. The fact that public listed companies are required to comply or explain makes the UK Code a principles based code. This is in contrast with the rules based code which is connected to the Sarbeans-Oxley Act of the United States. There are three elements of reporting that are meant to prevent fraud and wrongful reporting by people charged with corporate governance: opportunity, incentive and rationalization (Strohm, 2006). In a rules-based system of corporate governance like the United States, preventing inaccurate reporting is done by limiting opportunities (Jeffrey, 2011). This is done by precision and setting strict standards for reporting. Failure to comply with the precise and strict standard leads to legal sanctions. The principle-based corporate governance system of corporate governance is a comply-or-explain system where the rationalisation of actions are documented. This is a communication based system meant to strengthen moral incentives by clarifying morally responsible methods of reporting. The UK Corporate Governance Code of 2010 is a rules-based system and it focuses on five main systems and structures: 1. The Board of Directors: Every company is to have a board of directors which would be tasked with the long-term leadership of the company. The board is tasked with the running of the company. No one on the board is required to have unfettered powers. There are checks and balances on all members including the chairman who has responsibility for maintaining the effectiveness of the board. On unitary boards, there must be a balance between e xecutive and non-executive directors to promote checks and balances on the single board. 2. Effectiveness: The board must be ran through various committees like the remuneration, audit and risk committees. The committees need to use skill, experience and independence to discharge their obligations. The committees must have formal opportunities. To ensure effectiveness, the members of the board must be open for periodic nomination by the shareholders and this must be done at least once every three years. 3. Accountability: The board must use balanced and understandable methods for assessing the company's position from time to time. The assessment must include important areas like risk management, strategic management and internal controls. These assessments must be disclosed through formal arrangements on corporate reporting, risk management and internal control to disclose information. 4. Remuneration: There must be formal and transparent methods of fixing remuneration. This system must be enough to encourage appropriately skilled persons to join the board and they should not be too much. 5. Shareholders: The board needs to have constant contact with members of the bo

Suicide after Combat in the Military Research Paper

Suicide after Combat in the Military - Research Paper Example The effects of this on the military personnel’s psychological well being has been adverse and contributed greatly to the military suicides since the inception of the missions. Discussion Military deployment negatively affects the lives of the military personnel and their respective families - their family life is altered forever- as it entails four distinct phases; pre-deployment, deployment, reunion and post deployment. The events in these phases affect the military official mentally as they have to deal with issues related to the changes occurring in their lives; they are shifting from their normal life schedules to others they have no idea how they are likely to turn out and if they would actually be back to their families or not. Pre-deployment issues include dealing with the separation from the social support network they are used to, dealing with the increased workload and the shift in daily duties. In the deployment, they may encounter issues like physical injuries, exp osure to traumatic events and lack of communication with their loved ones among others. The re-union and post deployment phases pose their own challenges as the individuals strive to readjust to their old lifestyles and social networks as well as deal with the reality of their experiences during the deployment (Hoge,  2006). The effect of the entire deployment experience is can be devastating and the individual is unable to effectively fit into the society and options of suicide make more sense to appease their conscience. Why does this happen? The deployment experience has negative impact on the military official’s mental health. Stressors and experiences related to the post-deployment, deployment, and post deployment experiences together put the service member at a risk of mental health problems such as post traumatic stress disorder, depression and drug and substance abuse. The experience in one way or the other impairs the service members quality of life; a decrease in the emotional well being, social functioning and the general health of the concerned individual. According to military surveillance data, mental health related concerns and behavioral health among the service members rise 3-6 months after deployment and sometimes it exerts a lasting effect on the military personnel. Other than the experience in the military deployment and combat, mental health is triggered by the interpersonal concerns and stressors throughput the four phases of the deployment. A study conducted on the 2008 OIF veterans showed that mental health was impacted by the post-deployment social support. The study participants reported not getting the desired family and friends emotional and instrumental support they desired during and after the deployment. The respective families experienced financial difficulties, spousal arguments, physical aggression and sometimes abuse of a spouse and child abuse during the post deployment period. Long deployment periods increase the s ervice a member distress levels and shows more psychiatric and physical health symptoms compared to the short deployments, however, the effect of the location and duration of deployment on the peoples’ mental health of depends on the types and severities of the stressors.

Evolution of Social policies in Mental Health in the US Essay

Evolution of Social policies in Mental Health in the US - Essay Example Hippocrates who lived in the 5th century is the pioneer who treated mentally ill with methods which was not rooted in superstition or religion. Negative attitudes towards mental illness persisted into the 18th century in the United States, leading to stigmatization of mental illness, and unhygienic (and often degrading) confinement of mentally ill individuals. Since then the mentally health had been evolving and at present it has reached a stage where comprehensive policies underlie mental health treatment particularly in U.S. In this paper, the evolution of social policies with regard to mental health in U.S will be looked in to. The social, economical and political factors that have contributed to the evolution will be explored. The current policy, goal of the policy and its relevancy with the welfare and state would be analysing. Also whom the policy serves and its universal characteristics will be examined. Mental health in U.S has been progressing ever since the beginning of 20th century. The Mental Health America which was founded in 1909 founded by Clifford Beers has changed the lives of mentally ill people. The U.S governments formed throughout these years have been proven to contribute largely to the welfare of mental health system in the country. Many research and lobbying effort have undergone to revive and upgrade the mental health system in U.S. The National Mental Health Act passed by Harry Truman 1946 gave rise to National Institute of Mental Health and have allocated funds from government for the research, treatment purposes. Moreover, The Mental Retardation Facilities and community health centre was passed by the Congress in 1963 which gave a new dimension to mental health system. In 1979, the National Alliance for mentally ill was formulated All these changes have given enormous support, education, advocacy and research facility to

Operations management and organizational improvement Assignment

Operations management and organizational improvement - Assignment Example Tesco initially began as a food and drink store, but it now offers a wide range of products through its diversified operations including, but not limited to, clothing and consumer electronics, as well as services such as telecoms, health, internet, in addition to, insurance and financial services. In addition to the conventional physical stores, Tesco operates online stores that provide, among other things, groceries, home retailing, and music downloads. The operating processes at Tesco have undergone massive transformations since its inception to date (Kelly, 2000); for instance, the firm’s operating processes are centered on the customers, the suppliers, the employees, the community, as well as the shareholders. The customers are highly valued by Tesco, as the only people that bring revenue to the organization, the suppliers ensure the success of the firm’s operations; Tesco is interested in attracting employees with the relevant skills to carry out the firm’s operations to achieve its goals and objectives (Chubb, 2007). The firm has adopted a customer centered business approach that aims to enhance value creation by focusing on providing products and services that adequately satisfy the particular needs of their customers at affordable costs and convenience accordingly. Tesco is currently exploring new spaces, reaching over to non-food retail services (Tesco Corporation SWOT Analysis, 2012), extending existing stores, as well as, adopting a multi-format approach, and it heavily relies on its ICT infrastructure to deliver consistent and profitable business operations. Operating through group skill is a great part of Tesco’s operation processes as the firm constantly tries to identify the best practice in each market to improve its offerings for the group as seen in the US’s Fresh and Easy models, which have also been introduced in the UK and China (Tesco PLC, 2012). Nevertheless, it should not be assumed that the firm believ es in the â€Å"one size fits them all† strategy, because it also recognizes that customer tastes and lifestyles are not uniform, and it focuses on contextualizing the customer experiences. Tesco adeptly creates value for its customers by developing its people because it is great service that can enhance customers’ satisfaction; Tesco’s success is built on its people’s commitment to their core values of ‘No one tries harder for customers’ and ‘Treat people how we like to be treated’ (Marr, 2009). In return, the people side of Tesco operations ensures they are awarded great job and career opportunities through training, to enhance their engagement, motivation, and commitment to value creation and quality performance. Tesco prides in the best-located and best-designed stores, which in international markets are mostly whole malls that are anchored by a Tesco hypermarket; this makes the firm one of the greatest mall operators in the world. The company is keen on enhancing its sustainability by operating responsibly by bringing real benefits to the communities in which it operates through good, affordable, quality and safe products to the customers, as well as, responsible

Explain why sea level histories, coastal sector by coastal sector, Essay

Explain why sea level histories, coastal sector by coastal sector, will vary. How are the histories assembled What is the best substitute for a welldated loca - Essay Example In terms of conservation measures it is noted that the Earth's crust has varied terrain and topography that each require exclusively special techniques for sustainable consumption. The paper specifically inquires into one such terrain - coastal zones - in one specific country - Australia. It is not only present consumption levels that must be sustainable but also future ones that accrue through present and future development. The coastal zone, anywhere, is a combination of different types of terrain and topographies and techniques used to conserve it under separate forms of human exploitation are all housed under one countrywise policy - integrated coastal zone management (ICZM). In the context of the paper ICZM shall be reviewed in the context of sea-level histories in special relevance to the Commonwealth of Australia. "Everybody wants access to the coast. The.coast is where people want to live, do business, create development and where people want to recreate (Holliday, 1998) (Derived: Ed. Lazarow et al, 2006). This simple quote puts in a nutshell the types of human exploitation that coastal zones may be subjected to. Australia has a coastal zone that extends almost 36,000 km, excluding external territories, and is considered one of that country's greatest assets (National Cooperative Approach, Australia, 2006). The 'National Cooperative Approach to Integrated Coastal Zone Management, Framework and Implementation Plan' is a report produced under the 'Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council', Commonwealth of Australia. The wide biodiversity thriving within this extensive zone exists in an interaction among the interesting mix of terrestrial, marine and estuarine ecosystems that are generated by the wide-ranging array of climatic, geographical and oceanographic variants (National Cooperative Approach, Australia, 2006). The variants within the habitats and life-forms require as wide a range of conservation measures and these measures are further complicated by the wide-ranging varieties of human activities this broad band of Australian territory attracts. Taking into consideration this wide r ange of factors that have to be assimilated in conjunction to enable positive conservation under projected levels of future consumption, partly derived from development, a result-oriented ICZM plan for the extensive Australian coastal zone is highly complex. This is borne out by the fact that the 'State of the Environment Report (2001)' that notes that, despite efforts at efficient CZM (coastal zone management), zonal quality, as per diverse predetermined criteria, continued to deteriorate and the rate of consumption of coastal resources continued to increase at a rate that would be unable to provide sufficient time for already jeopardized resources to recover (National Cooperative Approach, Australia, 2006). This last noted fact emphasizes the importance of this paper that strives to ascertain how sea-level histories can assist in ICZM. This is how the next part of the paper is

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Term paper - Essay Example It has an incredible organization that has propelled its existence to date. Historically, Olympics dates as early as 776 BC; however, several studies may differ on the exact date of the first Olympic event. Based on wide analysis, many studies widely accept 776BC as the inception date. It is a date that is based on inscriptions in Olympia a place where it is believed that the first Olympic event occurred in Greece. Notably, it is believed that the first Olympic events were largely religious and athletics that were marked after every four years at the sanctuary of Zeus in Olympia, Greece (Guttmann, pg. 22). Moreover, the first Olympic sports competition featured combat sports, athletics, wrestling and the pankration, a horse racing event. Surprisingly, it is believed that during these sporting events, all conflicting communities would keep off wars and resume after the event. Today, evidence points out that Zeus was a center of animal sacrifices as religious observance of the event. Notably, winners of any events were highly regarded and were given special publicity through poems and statues. Evidently, the King Onesmaus of Pisatis is remembered for his prowess in horse chariot race and his statue remain an icon of admiration to modern times. However, despite the huge attraction of magnitude of people, the cultural event started declining gain 6th and 5th BC due to the incursion of the Roman rulers. While there is argument on the exact year that saw the event close temporary, there is scholarly consensus that it was 393 AD. During this year, emperor Theodosius decreed that all religious, pagans and cult events be eliminated as the Romans exerted its power in the ancient Greece. Besides, other scholars argue that it was during the 426 AD when Theodosius the second destruction of Greek temples. Following the harsh Roman rule in Greece, there was no any other documented games. It was a period that the

The Time Back Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Time Back - Essay Example Michael never told anyone that he was counting the days, weeks, months and years devoid of his mother’s presence. It was as if by counting them, she was still here, still present. The bitter sweetness of constant remembrance took great hold of him and would not let go. He could smell her everywhere around the house, her bedroom still smelled of her perfume, even though uncle Rob and auntie Emma emptied her closets and drawers. He liked uncle Rob and auntie Emma. They were very nice to him, and having no children of their own, came to take care of him in the house where he used to live with his mother. He heard them say one time that it would be good for him to stay in this house, because the move might create more emotional and psychological damage to a thirteen year old boy. And, so they came and stayed. Auntie Emma made the best chocolate chip cookies in the world, that was what even his mother admitted to on several occasions, while uncle Rob worked in a toy factory and wou ld bring a small toy every week. Usually it was little cars, tractors, Rubik’s cubes and similar. Nobody ever mentioned his father. He took off before Michael was born, and his mother decided not to talk about him. Well, not much, that is. She was always polite enough to answer his questions of: Mommy, why do John and Tim, and Bessie and Joanna have dads and not me? She would take him in her lap and explain that their dad is somewhere else, that he had some very important business to take care of and that she was not sure he would be coming back. But, that does not make Michael any different from John, Tim, Bessie, Joanna or anyone else. Having stopped daydreaming, he threw a small rock into the river and went back into the house to have lunch. The whole kitchen smelled deliciously of chicken soup and meat, mash potatoes, fresh salad and for dessert, pecan pie. â€Å"Wash your hands, sweetheart and then come have lunch,† auntie’s voice was soft and melodious, an d if he closed his eyes, he could imagine his mother saying it. The two sisters always looked and sounded very much alike. Having finished lunch, he was told to go to his room and tidy up a bit. His room was not a mess, but nonetheless he was taught that an ordered mind requires an ordered surrounding. He always believed his mother was the smartest person in the world. He started putting things away, and then noticed a stack of cards on the table. You don’t belong here, silly little things, he smiled to himself. It was a stack of cards, which his aunt and uncle borrowed from time to time when they wanted to amuse themselves. Arranging the cards, he noticed that one particular card was bigger than all the others. He took it out and saw that it wasn’t a playing card at all. It was a business card which said â€Å"Need science help† with a phone number. Nothing more. He thought it might be someone looking for an assistant. After a bit of consideration and talking w ith his uncle and aunt to see if they would approve, he decided to dial the number. He was always interested in science and liked knowing how stuff functioned. Maybe this was the person to ask such things. They even allowed him to make the call himself, but of course, they would take him to the place. Happily, he dialed the number and listened to the phone. All he could hear was silence at first, no ring

Portrayal of Women in Dreamgirls 2006 Movie Review

Portrayal of Women in Dreamgirls 2006 - Movie Review Example The plot of the movie is set in the period of 1960s and 1970s. The movie narrates the lives of three young promising and talented African American women who formed a music trio The Dreammates with the dream of becoming famous musical group. The three women Effie White, Deena Jones and Lorrell Robinson were the members of the musical group where Effie acted as the leading singer. The singing talent of the girls was discovered by the record executive Curtis Taylor. He offered the girls to become back-up singers for headliners James Thunder. He worked hard on the grooming of the girls and takes the control of look and sound of the group. He soon started feeling closer to Deena and based upon his romantic interest he insists that Deena should replace Effie as leading singer of the group.They underwent a conflicting situation over the issues of change of group name and substitution of lead singer. The record executive insists that they should change the name of the group to Dreams because this name seems to be more music friendly. Furthermore, he also wants to see Deena as the leading singer of the group. The movie shows the three women having the realization that they have to pay high costs for getting their dreams come true because the fame and fortune come to them in exchange for much higher cost than  their imaginations.  

Hris Replacement Essay Example for Free

Hris Replacement Essay Cost Plan Part of project management is the estimation of the project cost. The budget can be derived from the project plan by looking at the following criteria (Marchewka, 2009): * estimated duration of activities, * resources identified and assigned to tasks, and * wages and overtime rate for resources. In addition to hard numbers resource leveling is important. Resource leveling helps with accurately planning a project and will help identify if people are scheduled to have more work than hours in a day. Having too much work assigned to one person is a risk to the project. Figure 2 Riordan Budget Report illustrates the Riordan HRIS replacement project budget based on the resources allocated to tasks in the project plan. The budget report will be monitored weekly at the beginning of the project and daily as the project progresses. Additional cost factors such as material, facility cost, insurance, and other administrative costs will be added to the project budget cost to establish the overall project budget. Figure 2 Riordan Budget Report Performance Measurement It is important to not only to establish critical tasks and sub-tasks, but also to identify a means to measure current progress against estimated progress. Without a clear understanding of where the project is in regards to the timeline management is unable to identify potential trouble spots and delays that can drive up costs and derail the project. What Is Performance Measurement The U. S. General Accounting Office (GAO) provides the following definition of Performance Measurement: â€Å"Performance measurement is the ongoing monitoring and reporting of program accomplishments, particularly progress towards pre-established goals. It is typically conducted by program or agency management. Performance measures may address the type or level of program activities conducted (process), the direct products and services delivered by a program (outputs), and/or the results of those products and services (outcomes). A program† may be any activity, project, function, or policy that has an identifiable purpose or set of objectives. †(Performance-Based Management Special Interest Group [(PBM SIG)], 2001, p. 3). When undergoing a project or process there must be a method in place to judge or measure the progress and outcome, which will allow management to make intelligent decisions. Performance Measurement delivers that data management requires by applying a method of evaluating progress toward accomplishing predetermined goals, including information on the efficiency with which resources are transformed into goods and services (PM Solutions Center for Business Practices, 2005). Performance Measurement vs. Value Measurement In measuring performance, program management is trying to gather information to help them make decisions to affect change that, with any luck, will improve that performance. For example, project performance measures are initiated to provide crucial information to managers in order to provide purpose and direction over the project. Those measures must be pertinent and applicable to the organizational level that can immediately effect change based on information it learns in order to control the performance of the project. In measuring value, you are trying to demonstrate that decisions you made to implement change, through project management improvement initiatives, has indeed added value to the organization. This is actually measuring value rather than performance, which may not be the same. While improved performance can be translated into value, value measurement, provide information on the performance of the organization rather than performance of the project. Riordan Project Performance Measures Measurement Construct The Measurement Construct utilized in the Riordan Project is based on the adherence to estimate. Accurate project estimation is crucial in keeping project costs down and stakeholders happy. The Key Performance Indicator project managers want to minimize is expressed by the formula [(E-A)/E], where E = estimated Value to complete project and A = actual Value used to complete project. Project managers can substitute any value into the equation, such as hours or cost, to determine adherence to estimate. This will allow the project management team to spot trends early on during the project and then make the necessary adjustments. To better illustrate this concept figure 2 depicts the subtasks identified as Milestones. The project management has estimated the time required to complete the 1st phase of the project (Project Preparation) would require 10 days. Completion of the phase is signaled by the development of the Statement Of Works. The project management team could measure the performance of the project resources or team members by comparing the actual time required to complete the Milestone against the estimated time to complete the Milestone. Figure 3 Milestones Figure 2 depicts that the estimated time to complete phase 1 was 10 days. If the actual time required to complete phase 1 was recorded at 12. 5 days the performance measure would be as follows: [(10-12. 5)/12. 5]= -20% This value describes a value of -20% of efficiency of the performance of this task. Ideally the task performance would be 0%; the milestone would have been completed within the time estimated during the project inception. While many may feel it is better to come in under the original estimate, the goal is to optimize resources and organizational assets throughout the project. Over committing assets and resources on one project may have undesirable effects in other areas of the organization. The key is to have exactly the required assets and resources available when required and only when required. Project Baseline The project baseline is set when all of the details for the planned project are set. The project baseline in MS Project ® is set by selecting View Gantt Chart Tools Tracking Set Baseline Entire Project (eHow, 2011). The Riordan HRIS replacement project baseline is illustrated in Figure 3 Riordan HRIS Project Baseline Illustration. Figure 4 Riordan HRIS Project Baseline Illustration Evaluation Figure 5 Riordan HRIS Replacement Tracking Sheet Risk Analysis Reporting Project Evaluation and Reporting takes a key role in the process and collection of project information for all members involved in the project to track changes, maintain budgetary requirements, and complete objectives on-time. â€Å"Monitoring the progress of the project allows you to adapt the program as needed to ensure that you attain your objectives.

Causes Of Animal Extinction Biology Essay

Causes Of Animal Extinction Biology Essay Abstract: This essay discusses about the causes of animal extinction. Animals are sidestepped as we tend to focus more on something that happens to our brethren. However, we also forget that what happen to our species, the human beings, it affects the animals and plants more, as they dont have the ability to think and manipulate the environment as skilfully as we do. Habitat destruction, uncontrolled hunting and trading spreading of diseases, and drastically changing climates are among the prominent causes of animal extinction. We are exposed to what animals are endangered, we are exposed to how we can conserve them, but we have yet to be exposed to what causes the extinctions, which will roll the ball for further research on how to prevent them. This would be useful, as prevention is always better than cure. Animals are part of our ecosystem, not only they contribute to the ecosystem and help to balance the ecosystem, they also have many uses in our daily lives, as the source of nutrition, researches, pets and trading. But due to humans greediness, selfishness and also expand in populations, caused the population of the animals to decrease up to the point that they are in danger and eventually disappear from the surface of Earth like Dodo bird and Tasmanian Tiger. Yet, this issue is ignored or sidestepped as we care more of what affect us directly, when we should know that sooner or later, as part of the mammal species, these phenomena will also happen to us. Habitat fragmentation, destruction or loss, unsustainable hunting and wildlife trade, global warming and disease are the factors that lead to animal extinction. Based on AZEs  [1]  calculation, endangered species under their observation consist of amphibians (408), birds (217), mammals (131), and reptiles (15). This could be referred to Figure 1  [2]  . Figure Habitat Fragmentation One of the main factor of animal extinction is habitat fragmentation, loss or in another word habitat loss. Research had been carried out by Bancroft and Turchin in year 2003, using a series of experiment with grain beetles, Oryzaephilus surinamensis proved that 6% out of 247 populations went extinction  [3]  when they carried out the experiment on the relationship between habitat fragmentation and decreasing food abundance  [4]  and the result shown that these grain beetles went to extinction due to low food supplies. This result gives a suggestion that habitat quality is more important than the habitat size itself. Not only are that, another study that was carried out by Warren, another researcher, who does research on 13 types of protists in 1996  [5]  by applying three levels of habitat destruction of microcosm. As the result, the population of the surviving species greatly declined due to the rising in habitat destruction. As we know, Tropical Rainforest  [6]  co nsisted of many precious trees that used as the materials in industrial purpose. Not only for industrial uses, but also as the habitat for variety of species. Due to the huge demand by various parties, more trees had to be cut down to satisfy the demand of the parties. As the result, that inhabitants population begin to decrease as theres not enough place to live and hunt. If this is prolonged, the animals species will go extinct. Unsustainable Hunting and Wildlife Trade Another factor that contributes to animal extinction is unsustainable hunting and wildlife trade. This happened in many countries across the world. Many animals were hunted to extinction when the aboriginal Europeans, Americans and Australians developed the effective hunting technology  [7]  . One such animals were hunted to extinction by this is the Dodo birds. Certain bird such as the Eskimo curlew went extinct when they were relentlessly hunted by the market gunners during their migration. Some animals were caught for pet trade such as orang utan. These animals are considered exotic and were sold to the people that are interested in this kind of wildlife animal and were willing to pay for it. In one of the most outrageous cases of simultaneous drug and wildlife smuggling which occurred at Miami Airport in 1993, 312 boa constrictors that arrived from Colombia were found carrying inside them 39 kilos of cocaine. All of the snakes eventually died  [8]  Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Shows t hat wildlife not only kept as pet but also for drug trading purpose. Animal such as leopards, jaguar and Guadalupe fur seal were highly favoured for their beautiful furs was hunted to get their pelts and the same goes to tigers where poacher killed them for their body parts which are used in traditional medicine and aphrodisiacs  [9]  . Not only tiger was hunted for this purpose, but rhinoceros and elephants too, were hunted for their tusks. All these items were sold for high price in black market. Commercial whaling for their meat and oils  [10]  had threatened the most of the Baleen whale and several toothed whales species in the world. Whales meat is popular among the Japanese and its one of their favourite dishes, thus in order to meet the demands in Japan, every year whales was hunted during whaling season. Primates are often captured for research purpose especially in well developed country. They are trade to the biomedical lab with certain price and this biomedical la b will use them as research in finding cure for certain disease. An example of primates that often used in this field is chimpanzees. Even though they are not yet extinct, but they are classified as the endangered species because they are not only used in research but also become the target of the bushmeat hunter. Global Warming The third factor would be global warming. Mother Earth and its residence depend on the seasons for their routines and timings. Mating season, migration, all of it due to the weather. With global warming, the timing of seasons is changing. Some are longer than expected, some are shorter than hoped. This bungled the biological clock of animals that are already accustomed to instinct-based timing and activities. While it seems nothing to us humans, it is consequential towards animals and plants. Migration accelerates.( will expand later) Dehydration, combined with the rapidly vanquishing habitats, causes certain species to vanish.(will expand later) Stuart Pimm, an expert in extinctions and biodiversity at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina stated that species living in the ecological sites are more vulnerable, as they dont have much choices of places to migrate to when the temperate changes  [11]  . It is interesting to note that not as expected, the animals living at the polar (North Pole and South Pole) is not as vulnerable as the animals living in other climates, though the poles have experienced seen differences. That is because of the scarce geographical places the endangered species can run to is smaller than them. Dangerously, not only animals in endangered spots that are facing the fatalities. According to biologist Terry Root, of Stanford Universitys Center for Environmental Science and Policy, many species are striving to hold on to their current locations.  [12]   Disease There are two groups of diseases: natural occurrence, which is formed since a very long time and unpreventable, and the other one would be human-induced or mutated. Both would give dire consequences on the species affected, especially in masses. Among the example of human-induced diseases are effects of insecticides. Insecticides are regarded as a low-level dangerous substance, as they tend to prevent high crops loss. However, it also forced pests and infections to evolve. Once evolve, we would need a higher dose of insecticides. In the end, the effects of insecticides in plants will affect the animals that eat them too. Besides that, there are effects that happen not to the animal directly, but towards the next generation. A hen may lay eggs with thinner and fragile eggshells. This, while seem minor, could actually cause a higher risk of survival. In the long run, extinction would not be far in the future of the species. This really did happen. One insecticide, DDT, caused the eagle and peregrine to produce eggs with fragile eggshells, causing the eggs to break when the mother sit on them  [13]  . How can they be incubated without the mother warming the eggs? How can the mother incubate the eggs without sitting on them, yet when it sits, they will break? These are among the complexities that we dont comprehend or didnt put into the equation when we create the insecticide. Too much protection would also be unhealthy. When a species is protected from risks and diseases up to a paranoid level, it causes them to have lower and lower immunity to their offspring. This causes them to be weak and unable to sustain injuries and total fatalities if they ever catch any infections. Lastly under the factor of diseases, are the effects of genetic evolution. While it was not the total annihilation of species, it is still, in a sense, the cause of species extinction, happening due to the chances of survival with the enhanced or reduced ability. Perhaps a smaller or robust body is better adapting during this period of time, whereas speed and agility is more vital during the past. This theory applies to the birds, where during prehistoric times; birds have wider scales of bones while they have smaller lighter body now. Habitat, food consumption, and brain metabolism, all contribute towards genetic evolution, causes the extinction of the older type of species in exchange for a better, new species. Conclusion Thus, it is supported that the evidently seen causes are habitat loss, unsustainable hunting and trading of wildlife, global warming, and finally, infectious diseases. Two of it in which we contributed a lot in making it much worse, and two of the latter in which we have taken part albeit indirectly. Although a little out-dated, this research still hold a whole lot of truth. It is hard to fund more of these kind of research, as we humans are more interested in studying further of subjects that brings more material benefits instead of invisible threats. We are keener on studying on the psychology of potential customers, convenient products, and less consumption of resources. These researches are conducted with good intentions, but obsession of a narrow topic makes us putting a blind eye over other things that matter too, namely, other creatures co-existing with us. Some of the references here were spoken on 2006. Now, its 2011. In the span of 5 years, how much have we lose, can you imagine?

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) Plan for Skoda

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) Plan for Skoda The purpose of this report is to implement power integrated marketing communication plan for Skoda; automotive company. The outcome of this plan is to establish an impressive and desire challenger brand in order to compete with category big fish automotive brands in Australia. Skoda is encountering a big challenge from its marketing communication although company is gradually establishing itself known to automotive consumers, but it seemed difficult to reach their goal, since companys history and reputation were not accepted by Australian consumers. As a consequence of company necessary to break with the immediate past and reposition itself. By changing consumer perception of Skoda from the brand that lack of history and weak reputation to become the brand that everybody wants. As a result, single key thought which is VALUE will be used as platform of all marketing communication strategies and tactics in order to become a big fish in the automotive category in Australia This integrated communication plan will outline many aspects pertaining to firstly; the communication plan will focus on the overall of Australia automotive and identify companys position and problem. Second part will provide the solution of Skodas marketing communication plan based on Morgans eight credos by utilizing it through all power communication channels such as Public Relation, Advertising, Internet marketing and Sponsorship. Lastly, this plan also presents a communication brief of each party such as PR agency and Advertising agency. Part 1: Background InformationCompany Background Skoda is the one of car manufactures in the world with its strong engineer and production for more than century. The company first was established in 1895 in Czech Republic. Later on, the Czech brand was searching for well-known partner. As a result of in 1991, Volkswagen was chosen since VW is the largest automotive manufacturer in. However, 30% of Skodas equity was owned by Volkswagen group in Germany. Ten years later, Skoda was completely taken over by Volkswagen. Company was introduced in Australia in 2007and keep growing up to develop new ideas for simply clever driving with proudly of innovation and design. Overview of the Australian motor vehicle market The Australian automotive market is extremely competitive, with more than 60 models of many car brands available for purchase. The new record for this industry was reported that in 2007 the number of new vehicle sales were 1,049,982 units which have been increase about 9.1% from 2006. Furthermore, there was an increasing of all types of vehicle; however the increasing trend of small/city car took the highest in the market growth as detailed in the figure 1 below. Source: Federal Chamber of Automotive Industries, 2008. As a result of company aims to introduce the newly product, with full performance of diesel engines into city type which called SKODA MANIA Source: Australian automotive intelligence, 2010 From figure 2 above, the market leader in selling is Toyota, the brand has been in the first rank for 7 years followed by Ford and Holden. In addition, there was a significant strong position of Japanese brand in the Australian market whereas the strongest European brand was Volkswagen which has been strengthened its sales in Australian market for 10 years. As previous information, it provides opportunity to Skoda to introduce a new product and leverage its competitors as the newly European brand in the market. Consequently, Skoda needs to create strong brand reputation; moreover, the communication needs to concentrate on the most powerful key though VALUE into prospects mind. Key issues From figure 3 below, illustrate the latest research reported total market shares of competitive vehicle brands in Australia, the majority percentage of share market contributed to Toyota with 21% of proportion same as other brand name which combined various non-dominant brands. So in order to compete the market share of the big fish in this category, the new European brand like Skoda has to introduce new image of itself settle in a position as European brand that provide value and performance could comparable with Japanese brands. In order to launch a new brand product SKODA MANIA and generate the influential communication plan, it is required to identify communication challenges as following points: Brand has weak reputation in Australians mind since it was taken by Volkswagen, Skoda need to build brand preference and persuade a target audience to consider its product attributes by building its reputation as a long-established and trusted name in the market. Automotive product category need high involvement in purchasing decision, the communication concepts need to focus on visual and emotional appeals to create value for money in consumers decision. There is a shift in consumer preferences due to the demand of consumers on type of car has been significant changed from large passenger cars to smaller with lower fuel consumption cars, thus the effective communication will provide value proposition for the Skoda brand to launch city full performance car . As a result of Skoda needs to position itself as a challenger brand and break with its immediate past from the brand no one knows to become the desire brand. Furthermore, our Czech brand has to drive itself to become a leader in automotive category in Australia market which requires an effective and pioneer the comprehensive integrated marketing communication plan. So it could be done by follow the process of The Eight Marketing Credos by Adam Morgan. The big fish main competitor The big fish in the automotive of Australian market is Toyota, as a major competitor of challenger brand like Skoda. With a dominant position in Australian car market since companys market share achieved around 21 percent in 2009 and retained the number one status in selling products than any other single brand in the country. More than 50 years in Australia, Toyota has grown to be one of Australias leading automotive companies with the total sales revenue $7.982 billion in the end of 2009 Toyota.com, 2010. Toyota has a strong key element to support its brand positioning such as being an innovative brand that implement the most advanced environmental technologies and enrich society through car making. Forrester Research, 2006. The Japanese brand sale several of product types which are passenger car, 4WDSUV, commercial and hybrid with offering more than 15 marques. In 2009, the company spent more than $ 65 million on adverting; the report was covered advertisements in all areas of media such as television, radio, newspapers and online search and classifieds Stafford, 2010. Part 2: Communication Plan Why marketing communication plan is important to Skoda? The marketing communication has a significant function for Skoda plan since we need to manage the concept and make all aspects of marketing communication such as advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and direct marketing work together as a integrated force Lake, 2009. Furthermore, it is general argue that the branding is related to get companies target audience to select their brand over the highly competition, but it is about capture the prospects to recognize their brand as the only one in their mind and perception that could deliver them the best solution to their problem. However, to succeed in doing that, we must to realized and understand the needs and wants of our customers and prospects. As a consequence of integrate marketing communication is very important to our branding, advertising and marketing strategies in all attribute areas of public contact. Brand like Skoda has not instituted a strong historical brand in the market, consequently; company has to invest in communications due to the fact that Skoda needs to formulate prospects to aware its product and emphasis on its key though VALUE by communicating through functional and emotional of its product attribute to ensure that its advantage could leverage the big fish in automotive industry Millier, 2010. In addition, developing communications strategies could provide companys knowledge and help Skoda understand its markets effectively. So Skoda needs a large investment in communication plan. There are various benefit that company will derive from invest in communications and develop marketing strategy as following figure 4 below The communication plan will enhance company in four major areas; sale growth, price premium, brand loyalty and fast penetrate into the market which increasing in the marketing communication budget will maximize shareholder value as well as the long-run profitability. Budget Allocation According to increase of marketing communication spending, Skoda needs to maximize profit and shareholder value for brand. Since, the company will be positioned itself for the city car segment with expecting that these advertising spending will enhance shareholder value and the company profile margin sustainably. Therefore, to allocate the budgets on media that communicate to all areas of the community, Skoda total marketing communication budget will spend up to $AUD 8 million within period 5 months. Skoda will process the plan with various agencies and other media house to response for this campaign communication to facilitate company from the inception stage; build an unknown brand and overcome the risk factors from enter to mid car segment. The challenger strategic approach: a four stage process Stage 1 Attitude and Preparation Credo1: Breaking with Immediate Past The core problem of challenger brands is not provide new and unique idea into the consumers, it depend on how they can remove the conventional idea from the past. Consumers perception is same as a room with full of old furniture. Therefore, before we move a new one into that space, we need to delete the old furniture from the room first. Skoda has to realise about the concept of breaking with the immediate past in order to see real challengers and possibilities in the new market. Formerly, company has weak reputation on the market as a consequence of the challenger brand as Skoda need to consciously break with its own immediately past by reinventing brand history as key issue from an unknown brand to become desire brand in Australian market. Furthermore, its a bright opportunity for the brand to introduce new product SKODA MANIA, the city car with powerful diesel engine into the market by providing the new concept of The true VALUE of powerful diesel car and bringing other inspiration from another category into its product. This brand new opportunity enables company to step back and make upstream question and refine a new product. To define the challenge, we want to compete with the market leader and we want to make the different. It is vital role for the company to make its brand stand out in the competition by opposition its product attribute and create a new category on powerful diesel car against the Big fish like Toyota hybrid. However, Skoda clearly identify itself to be different from the category, Skoda has to battle within the same areas of brand leader by trying to win the number one market share of automotive market. Stage 2 Challenger Strategy Credo 2 : Building a Lighthouse Identity The critical role in marketing strategy is we have to state that who we are. Skoda has to develop clear stage in what its brand stand for which is the desire brand of powerful diesel car by creating its own values through key thought The true value of powerful diesel car. In order to become desire brand, company does not only position itself as the brand that everybody wants but its also want to position itself as a impressive value perspective as a good sign of how Skoda is going to play. Another aspect of brand challenger as Skoda has to consider is tried to build emotional attachment based on point of view with consumer. Not only the brand has to determine what are the key features that want to communicate, but Skoda also has to build its prominent identity the desire brand of powerful diesel car to let consumer engage and affiliate with brand. Credo 3 : Assume Thought Leadership Of The Category Now Skoda brand does not be the leader in the Australian automotive market but there is another opportunity for Skoda thought as the leadership in the brand category. To create a long term goals that makes everyone talk about its brand, Skoda had clarified itself different from competitors as the desire brand of powerful diesel car and make great reason which is impressive value perspectives why consumer must select its brand. In accordance to communicate the massive impact of brand identity and positioning, Skoda could achieve by breaking of key conventions in the category. In this kind of situation, Skoda chooses to break the conventions of neighborhood and network. By selecting BP gas station as a brand partner since Skoda quite new comer in the Australian market, company needs to enhance brand positioning by being partner with worldwide fuel brand that provide reliability and trustworthiness products to the market like BP. Moreover, to encompass a wide range of its communication marketing activities such as provide special promotion when consumers purchase SKODA MANIA they will get petrol coupon to use at BP for free. Combining the strength of BP brand helps company gains more trust, build consumer acceptance and brand preference that create impactful reason why they have to choose you. Additionally, Skoda will break the convention of media in promoting of its brand new product. Company use website as a platform to integrate of all communication channel. Although Skoda has invested a high budget into advertising and PR, the company will benefit from the low cost of operating from using the digital media to communicate with its target. All communication channels will provide Skoda website www.skoda.com.au in order to convince prospect to find more information at there. Furthermore, valuable thing from utilize internet channel is time, since consumers could find and get precise all products details from online store that opening 24/7. Using of free social media such as Facebook or Twitter will help company reach the right target easily since this kind of free media become a part of everybodys life and most of working people also associate with them. Credo 4 : Create Symbol of Reevaluation To create our symbol of re-evaluation, the key concern is not budgeting but it is about Skoda needs to recognize what the dominant customer complacency is and show how they can see its brand. In order to achieve this key complacency, the brand has to stimulate actions that make consumers rethink about Skoda and recognize the symbol to what the brand want to communicate. Skoda seemed to be unbranded as first introduce to the market this chance will help company to change consumer perception towards the brand from little or no image to be the brand preference / desire brand that make consumer perceive to its brand values. PR agency will create viral as unbranded first by placing its car with full of money fake in the high traffic areas, let people curious what is about and why this car has a lot of money. The company will reveal the reason why its car must filled with money which is value of saving from diesel engine that make the owner of SKODA MANIA has a lot of money. Also use the other media to emphasis its key thought and brand concept which is The true value of powerful diesel car. Stage 3 Challenger Behavior Credo 5 : Sacrifice To be successful challenger brand does not necessary to have a perfect marketing strategy. In order to get number one of brand leader sometimes the sacrifice has to be taken. First is Skoda has to sacrifice in the target market by focusing on male and working people on the other hand, Skoda has to give up female as a main target in order to establish relationship with the core target. Due to its product performance match with working men who choose the quality and performance of product as first criteria, this beneficial enable company to sale the product and build closely relationship to its target easily. Sacrifice on pricing strategy would be another thing which company has taken into account. To facilitate new product launch in this country, Skoda has to realize on its key though VALUE by giving consumer value for money in purchasing its product. Consumers perception towards diesel car is save thus company need to sacrifice the premium price in order to capture consumer attention and create the brand considerable. Credo 6: Overcommitment To be the brand challenger does not mean to do just enough for achieving the key success. Alternatively, if all members in Skoda whether top managements or employees work together and dedicate themselves to make consumers perceive brand differentiate, Skoda will be accomplished and become desire brand. Since Skoda has determine its goal to be the brand leader in the market and compete share of mind in consumers, as a result of motivation of its staff to reach overcommitment is the critical concept that Skoda should state in its mind. All Skoda members do not only overcommitment to provide the impressive value product to the market and but also attempt to focus on implementing the key thought and brand concept to be consistent in order to achieve the company goals. Credo 7: Use Advertising and Publicity as a High-Leverage Asset For the challenger brand, only clear communication is not enough, capturing the targets imagination and mind must be objective Morgan, 2009. To introduce brand into new market, roles of advertising and PR must be noticed. Both of effective tools characterize an enormous opportunity to Skoda to accomplish position in the new market since Skoda needs to attend the consumers mind and get them to spread its word. As a consequence, Skoda has been identified what the brand want to say and create the precise message to be communicated with specify the period of time, location and required task. Skoda debut its brand via PR tools is such a dominant strategy because once consumers did not know anything about its brand and new product. In order to gain the brand credibility, company needs to leverage competitors by using PR as credible source to make the brand more acceptances in the new market. Skoda has to build its position through various PR campaign such as word of mouth, special event and the group of influencers such as mavens and connectors and salesman. Advertising will be another channel that Skoda uses to convince consumers to make the decision in purchasing our product. The persuasive ads will be utilized to persuade consumer mind to use Skoda MANIA with emotional appeals of advertising techniques that company try to engage upon emotions of its audience. Moreover, key though of the brand must be highlighted through all communication messages to encourage audience perception towards its brand values. Stage 4 Sustaining challenger Momentum Become Idea-Centered, Not Consumer-Centered The brand challengers have to realize that the new ideas need to be employed in order to maintain in their momentum. Instead of changing core identity, Skoda has to refresh and make the core idea to be differentiated. As a consequence of the failure in its momentum in the market, the brand needs to sustain consumer perception and keep building relationship with consumers. To achieved this kind of challengers, Skoda has to deploy ideas-centered not consumer-centered by continuing generate product beyond customers satisfaction and product improvement. On the top of that, Skoda do not change its communication strategy, the challenge brand like Skoda tend to find more opportunity to deliver its brand value through the creative ideas and communication tools such as ambient and concept of car customization. Part 3: Marketing Communication Roles In order to generate the marketing communication program and make it strong and true, we need to employ the concept of six honest serving men of Rudyard Kipling which help we formulate the successful brief and avoid weak briefing that can stimulate and deliver the weak messages. What : The aim of this communication plan To build awareness of Skoda brand and capture consumers attention by shifting from no one know to desire brand To launch new Skoda car into Australian market with full performance of diesel engines into city type which called SKODA MANIA To stimulate the sale in order to compete market share of automotive car in Australian market Establishing of key thought VALUE to this plan , paveing the way to engage all communication tools within single focus that helps promote the effective campaign to consumers To create a new category in the consumers mind that is powerful diesel car Product Since the historical of both brand and the new product does not exist in market, we have to provide the clear benefits, features and advantages of the product to all agencies. To make them clear what our desires and needs to promote of this plan. Description: Newly powerful diesel engines has introduced into Skoda model. The superior with diesel engines which completely installed in the body. All product features designed to capture consumers attention with offered the VALUE for money. Features Advantages Benefits A large of passenger room Increase the space inside passenger room Comfort and spacious with 5 adults able to sit. Extensive equipments Import leather seats, full options of CD player and climate controlled air conditioning. Adjustable leather seat 6 step, both MP3 and USB adaptable in CD player. Reasonable price As the cheaper model in the Skoda product category. All pricing provide with negotiable agreement. Guarantee from Euro NCAP crash rating. Safety features such as six airbags, stability control and ABS brakes. This model also gets a four-star Euro NCAP crash rating. Low fuel consumption Reasonable level for diesel consumption for both standard testing and highway testing. The diesel engine is supremely improved with appropriate average figure for a mid-sized sedan. Brand personality Due to the good characteristic of brand personality should expression the core values of the brand, thus Skodas personality is centred on Elegance and European. If we compared its personality with famous person it might be Jude Law who could best represent elegance character to the brand. Key message Emotional appeals will be delivered as key tone The true value of powerful diesel car will serve as the platform for all communications and keep our campaign strategy consistency. Mandatory executional requirement legal qualification Company logo has to be shown in all communication tools. Tag line Simply clever should align with brand logo. All communication tools should end up with key message of the product which is The true value of powerful diesel car Activities Following are activities must be done; Why : The reasons that we need to perform this integrated communication plan are building positive brand awareness and associating the brand in the mind of consumers. Moreover, as a brand challenger competing the brand leader and gaining number one share in the market would be the optimum outcome for the brand. Who The primary target that we want to communicate with would be male 25-40 years old those working men who looking for the car that provide them better performance with elegance style. Secondary target are smart business people both male and female who age raging from 25-35 years old. Demographic characteristics Working people age is 25 or above Income level $AUS 9,000 per month. Most who lived in city or suburbs. Psychographic characteristics Lifestyle: Sociable, friendly, concern for others and pleasantness. Attitude: Self-confidence and belief in their decision. Where : The main campaign will be carried out in Sydney as centre in order to build giant impact in Australia. We need to implement in the big city because our target market mostly work and live in Sydney. Moreover, to create the powerful communication tools, we need to gain the massive reach and visibility from our prospects by placing our media in the centre, department store and office building of city such as CBD, QVB and martin place. When : This campaign will be carried out for 7 months starting from September 2010 until end of January 2011. For the details will be shown as following timeline; How : Measuring the effectiveness of marketing campaigns is to determine how successful it is. So, we need to set judgment criteria for each marketing communication tasks by tracking the main measurement such as Key performance index Total number of sales Leads generation. For each marketing task we can assess the effectiveness as following; Requests for information/brochure Request test drive Retail dealer traffic Website traffic or click-through rates Number of coupon redemption Phone lines to track phone orders Communication Brief Market research brief Objective To measure consumers value perception towards Skoda before and after the new communication campaign. To assess whether creative development create impact to the audience or not To conducted creative development to analysis whether IMC campaign achieves its objectives and marketing goals or not. To anticipate the future outcome of the social trend towards product category market Socials insight Customers Insight Target market / Audience Middle / city car segmentation. Respondents; businessmen and women 20 45 year of age. The research method Focus group Open-ended questionnaire Online survey Required task : Conducting brand positioning and image testing Conducting creative assessment Conducting Outcome-based research to study consumers insight and experience about city car Geographical boundaries All market research activities should be done in Sydney, Australia. Timeline Market research should be conducted start from week 1 week 2 of September 2010 Budget $ 320,000 for overall market research budget Advertising agency brief The role of advertising agency: Advertising agency has a responsibility to communicate our brand to the public via mass media. Each media will perform with particular purpose in order to capture a different area of prospect mind. Objective To build the brand awareness of Skoda To motivate consumers demand through the effective media To promote new product SKODA MANIA diesel engines Target audience Male 25 45 year of age. Key thought : VALUE Mood and Tone : Elegance / Prestige / Powerful / Smart Clean Key message : The true value of powerful diesel car Mandatory: All advertisements have function to influence our target audience to purchase the product Key message must out the end of ads scene Brand logo must be shown in all advertisement as well as tagline Simple clever TVC concept must engage a compelling story to unite the idea of with emotional. Story should build audiences emotion and energy with the detailed information of brand image and history. Advertising Campaign Tools Agency must develop 2 TVC , 2 print ads and 1 out of home medias TV Commercial: must be promoted during prime time. Print ads: must be placed in impact areas, could capture mass target audience such as train stations, bus stops, and office building areas and shopping centre. Timeline: Ads will be launched first 3 weeks of October 2010 then week 2 and 4 of both November and December 2010. Then only week 2 on January 2011 Budget $ 1,840,000 for overall advertising budget PR agency brief The role of PR agency: due to we want to establish brand reputation in the market and provide product into new category, PR such a powerful tool to help company accomplish lots of goal such as create Skoda name in consumers mind and capture consumers attention. Objective To build the brand awareness of Skoda To amplify talk of the town as well as buzz of Skoda test drive campaign To create brand value and equity into consumers perception To promote new product SKODA MANIA diesel engines Target audience Consumers, government , dealers , suppliers , corporate , NGOs and employees Key thought : VALUE Key message : The true value of powerful diesel car Required task: Providing press kit / press release to mass media about our brand new product The article published about the brand must be written in the magazine, advertorial and newspaper. The content must be captured attention of consumers, compete share of mind, and highlight on our product attribute VALUE Selecting Skoda brand ambassador who can be represented to brand concept and brand personality It is PR roles to create an attractive test drive event to amplify brands virus and motivate those three groups; Connectors, Marven and Salemen. To launch road show test drive event , let consumers experience with the new Skoda product and create word of mouth Word of mouth PR also responsible for generate the big impact of the buzz, thus we will engage people to word of mouth marketing as a key component to spread our test drive event. To let consumers experience with our SKODA MANIA and it is also opportunity of them to receive our product details and benefit of Skoda concept. Then the consumers will share experience among their friends and family. Moreover, word of mouth is more likely to reach and touch the mind of consumers which could drive the message to reach mass target without or low assistance from the company. So in this test drive event, it is necessary to invite all journalists from car magazine, men magazine and newspapers to attend and experience with test drive as well. The Buzz must encourage all journalists and maven to experience and spread about our product by providing advantage and highlighting on how consumer will perceive the value of the new brand product Timeline : Press release will be launched on week 1 October 2010 Brand ambassador will be selected on week 1 October 2010 Special event will be launched on first week 2 of November 2010 and run on for the 3 weeks Articles and advertorials in magazine and newspaper will start written after first week of test drive event Budget $ 1,440,000 for overall PR budget campaign Media planner brief Objective To select the effective media for all campaign tools Target audience Male 25 45 year of age. Key thought : VALUE Key message : The true value of powerful diesel car Required task Agency needs to select the powerful media

Hindu Gods in the Rig Veda :: essays research papers

The Hindu Tradition 1.) Agni Agni is mentioned as many different things such as: the household priest king god of sacrifice, most brilliant leader of all gods, wish granter, shines up in darkness, guardian of the order, lord of power and master of sacrificed food, always included in sacrifices to other gods, favorite priest, sharp sight of a poet, great speaker who inspires all with his shining speech, the first god to rejoice in human friendship, lord of tribes, the chief priest who finds riches and a combination of Indra (the strongest of all except Agni) and the wide striding Vishna who is worthy of reverence. Worshippers of Agni want to: hold a safe household, find riches and treasure, grow as a person in wealth and happiness, give animal (human?) sacrifice to him, be inspired by his speeches, protection of their tribes and always be granted what they wish for. Angiras Angiras was mentioned just once in this text as the mediator between heaven and Earth. This name is related to the English word: Angel. Varuna Varuna was said to have spread out the Earth, extended the air above the trees, put strength in horses, milk in cows, will power in the heart, fire in waters, the sun in heaven, Soma upon the mountains, caused rain by pouring his leather bag, moistened the Earth, to be the magic (maya) worker and measured the Earth to the Sun with a measuring rod. Worshippers of Varuna ask for reconciliation from him and forgiveness of sins or offenses. Mitra and Aryaman These two were listed but there were not any writings about them except that they did have powers. I wonder whether Aryaman is the Leader of the gods for the Aryan people or tribe. Manu The first man on Earth according to the Rig Veda, he is the Clan founder or Adam, Noah, Abraham or Moses. He is only listed on these texts. Indra Indra is mentioned in these texts as: the bull, the strongest of all that exist (except Agni), he is one of the most honored besides Agni, the warrior king of 33 gods of Manu, wielder of thunderbolt, a killer of dragons, killer of the first born dragon, overpowering the wily tricksters, the god who brought forth the sun, heaven and dawn, not having anymore enemies after Vritra, the greatest enemy of Indra, who challenged Indra, who is without shoulders. Indra killed Vritra with a thunderbolt, broke his nose and crushed him.

On Certainty :: Essays Papers

On Certainty In his essay â€Å"An Argument for Skepticism†, Peter Unger makes the case for the â€Å"universal form of the skeptical thesis†. He is arguing for the position that any type of knowledge is impossible for any person. His argument seems to be a simple one, derived from two very clear hypotheses, but that is not the case. This paper is an attempt to show that while philosophically interesting, Unger’s attack on knowledge is not nearly so damaging as he contends. I will argue that Unger mischaracterizes the nature of certainty as it is ordinarily used (something he says is important to his argument), and also that he has mischaracterized one of the sources he used to defend this definition. I will then present W.V.O. Quine’s psychologically based epistemology as presented in â€Å"Epistemology Naturalized† and â€Å"Two Dogmas of Empiricism†, and argue that this theory provides a more adequate account of the way knowledge and certainty are understood. I will also attempt to address the objections to Quine’s theory raised by Jaegwon Kim. So, how does one begin an attack on all knowledge? The answer, as it turns out, is quite simply. Unger’s argument consists of only two premises. The first of these states that â€Å"If someone knows something to be so, then it is all right for the person to be absolutely certain that it is so (238).† To this is added the second premise, that â€Å"It is never all right for anyone to be absolutely certain that anything is so (238).† Clearly, the conclusion â€Å"Nobody ever knows that anything is so†(238) follows. Unger next alters these premises slightly, adding the idea of overriding considerations. The first premise is the same except with the words â€Å"†¦providing only that no overriding consideration (or considerations) make it not all right (241).† Likewise, the second premise becomes It is not the case that it is all right for someone to be absolutely certain that something is so providing only that no overriding (consideration or) considerations make it all right. (242). I am perfectly willing to grant Unger the first premise. I think that there is no problem with allowing him this, in and of itself. Even the second premise is allowable in a certain, philosophically interesting sense, and in this sense, Unger’s argument is very strong. The philosophical ideal of absolute certainty is something that I think should be given up as a vain pursuit, and I think that Unger shows this nicely.

Pat Barkers Regeneration Essay -- Pat Barker Regeneration Essays

Pat Barker's Regeneration As Pat Barker’s ‘Regeneration’ is set in a mental hospital during World War I many aspects of the novel evaluate and discuss the psychological effects that the War has had on the patients. The novel explores the internal struggles of WWI soldiers and their attempts to overcome the trauma of war experiences. In ‘Strange Meeting’ a different approach to the war is addressed with much of the novel being set in the trenches and at the front line. The novel closely examines the relationship between two soldiers Barton and Hilliard and the extent of change caused by the war is a prominent theme throughout, showing clearly the emotional and physical changes the war has caused. Prior is an initially difficult patient who suffers from mutism, writing that he has ‘NO MORE WORDS’ when asked what he could remember from his time served in France. Barker’s use of block capital letters and short, blunt statements here leads us to at first believe that Prior is not only an uncooperative patient hindering a possible speedy recovery but also inwardly angry and agitated. Although Prior gives the staff at Craiglockhart a hard time, describing the night staff as ‘spies’, and with this sarcastic dismissive attitude is perhaps at first perceived as though he doesn’t want to get better we soon realise that he is simply a difficult character who actually really wants to recover and as fast as possible, ‘it isn’t fair to say I don’t want treatment’. He is one of the many soldiers from WWI who is torn between two desires. On the one hand, he wants to recover, enabling him to return to France as soon as possible, proving himself as a soldier as well as a man. However, he still has a selfish side th... ...Prior share a lot in common both having experiencing trench life and struggling with the brutal truths of war. They both create relationships with people throughout the novels and through Barton and Hilliard’s relationship and the relationships Prior shares with Sarah and Rivers we learn a lot about their characters and the difficulties soldiers experienced in talking about their experiences as there were so many people that ‘didn’t understand’. We see that although the physical scars can be healed quickly it is the emotional scars that do the most injury and ironically are the hardest to heal. Barker and Hill both portray this message about the war using a fragmented discontinuous style, which reflects the disjointed thought process of many of the soldiers. From both novels we are shown just how innocent those back at home are and how they really don’t.

Management Guru Peter F. Drucker Essay

Drucker is considered as â€Å"the father of modern management† and â€Å"Guru’s Guru†, who has published over 30 books such as The Practice of Management, The Effective Executive, Management: Tasks, Responsibilities and Practices ,The Essential Drucker and so on. Although I have only read two of his books, his sagacity, profound knowledge, common touch and being practice-oriented captivates me: ? If you had ever read Mr. Ducker’s books, you should be impressed by his sagacity. He has the ability to see through the appearance and perceive the essence. He shows a knack for identifying sea changes in business and economics years in advance. He foresaw the emergence of a new type of worker whose occupation would be based on knowledge†¦ ? No doubt Mr. Drucker has profound knowledge. He studies a new subject every two or three years, which covers economics, psychics, math, politics, history and so forth. In his books, you will not be surprised when he uses well-documented and extensive evidence to prove his principles. ?In spite of being regarded as the most enduring management thinker of our time, Mr. Drucker has a common touch. He is a master of management, but his ability to explain his principles in plain language makes himself as a friend to his readers. ?Mr. Drucker is practice-oriented. As he says: â€Å"Management is practice rather than science. †

The Relationship of Macbeth and His Wife in Act 1 Scene 5 and 7

The Relationship of Macbeth and his married wo troops in Act 1 video 5 and 7 From the beginning of the come upon, the kindred amongst Macbeth and his married wo existence promisem to be the expect p fine fraudnership in ro mankindce, however, as the animate progresses, our expectations seems to change for the worst. We argon informed that Macbeth desires to be King of Scotland and initi all(a) toldy, his wife appears to be confirmative of him as a wife should be plainly her response to this changes quite drastically as we read be placements on. We are first introduced to dame Macbeth when she reads the letter which Macbeth displace to her recapping his encounter with the three witches.She immediately belongs aware(predicate) of Macbeths wish to keep up tycoon but she kat onces that his conscience inhibits him from parta index in all risky business. She uses the phrase yet do I fear thy nature, is overly encompassing othmilk of human being rule book formness in her opening monologue which suggests that he is a very kind and worthy gentleman. Thou wouldst be great, art non with verboten ambition but with extinct the unwellness should att bar it. She explains how he has the ambition to fabricate king but lacks the boldness to become violent if needed to get the chapiter.This helps to build how sensible and timid Macbeth can be and why gentlewoman Macbeth has to intervene to grant the event progress further. To our surprise, skirt Macbeth appears to be the complete opposite of her husbands supposed character. She is turn backd to make certain that Macbeth becomes king under whatever fate that need to be under peen. At the end of her soliloquy, she says Hie thee hither, that I may teem out my spirits to thine ear, and chastise with the valor of my tongue all that impedes thee from the golden roughly which means that she wishes to persuade and talk him out of whatever may be keeping him from seizing the cr profess. This f urther much emphasizes her persistence to cr induce him as king and shower her with glory. passim this act, doll Macbeth appears to be the immobileer partner and this is reflected when she calls upon spiritual powers, much greater than her own, to make her less(prenominal) of a woman and more akin a man. Come, you spirits that tend on moral thoughts, unsex me here and consume from the crown to the toe topfull of direst cruelty She has make herself aware that she has to uphold the greater stain in the relationship so that their arrive of getting the crown is accomplished. The auditory modality finds this act quite shocking as females are meant to be the fairer sex. During the rest of her call to the spirits, she develops the run intoing of maliciousness and ruthlessness which accentuates the profoundness of her unplayful stead. At this point in the play, the reference has reached a full understanding of Macbeth and his wifes ambition.When Macbeth is introduced in nip 5, he begins with my dearest love focusing on chick Macbeth which shows the position he holds his wife at proving quite admirable to the audience. However, dame Macbeth shows no mercy to the situation. King Duncan plotted to go to the castle that night and wished to pay tomorrow but Lady Macbeths response to this was O never shall temperateness that morrow see which implies he entrust non be leaving tomorrow leading(p) to the cruel suggestion of death. This line reflects her determining(prenominal) character showing that she is taking the overstep part here.She also teaches Macbeth the way in which he moldiness deceive Duncan and instructs him on the arts of hypocrisy as she says go through like thinnocent flower, but be the serpent undert. By using this metaphor, it shows that she is manipulating Macbeth and challenges his feelings of viciousness and pity for Duncan and replaces them with abase and spiteful emotions. Lady Macbeth encourages him to be dishonorable to his loyal and trusting leader that is Duncan and the audience can begin to make the astuteness that the evil spirits are now manifesting in Lady Macbeths vegetable marrow from her evil suggestions.She gos that Macbeth hasnt got what it takes to make this propose resolve so she takes the leading role by truism Leave all the rest to me at the end of Scene 5. At the beginning of Scene 7 opening with Macbeths soliloquy, we as the audience, real get a sense of guilt that seeps through Macbeth. This is beyond his usual attitude so this is hard for him to cope with. He knows how much he wants to be king but what frightens him the most are the consequences. He uses the metaphor If thassassination could jump up the consequence and catch with his surcease, advantage ed jump the keep to come which translated means If this assassination could work like a net and rule out any consequences, he would be more than happy to risk the afterlife to do so. Macbeth knows that Duncan is a highly respected man because of his good intentions and purely hearted nature so he is afraid if he is do known to the hoi polloi that he is responsible, the chances of him bonny king will be shattered. He contemplates the idea of killing Duncan and weighs up the advantages and disadvantages. The nonwithstanding know advantage is that he will become King.However, the disadvantages are what he already is considered to Duncan. First, as I am his kinsman and his subject, strong some(prenominal) against the rubric then as his host who should against his massacreer shut the door, non bear the knife myself. This quote from Scene 7 shows that Macbeth is in conflict with what Lady Macbeth is instructing and his loyal personality is urging him not to fulfil the horrid deed. afterward considering what a meek leader Duncan was, we as the audience can actually trace a picture as to what Macbeth was emoting.When Lady Macbeth enters, Macbeths final termination has now been displayed . We will proceed no further in this business. He hath honoured me of late He has decided to cancel the plan because of how nicely Duncan had treated him that evening. The amount of guilt was too much for him to bear so the easiest news leak for him was to abort the business. To his misfortune, Lady Macbeth did not take the current news very lightly. She begins to bombardon him with insults and various accusations. Art thou afraid(predicate) to be the same in thine own act and valour, as thou art in desire? Lady Macbeth begins to gesture him and whether he is afraid to do what he must to achieve what he desires. As she has handed herself to the powers of darkness, she speaks to him brutally by saying Was the hope drunk wherein you dressed yourself? Hath it slept since? suggesting that he was drunk when he made the decision to kill Duncan. He raging fad increases furthermore when she says Which thou esteemst the modify of life, and live a coward in thine own esteem, letting I dare not wait upon I would, like the curt cat ith saying? calling him a coward if he doesnt take the crown that he has everlastingly wanted to own. At this point in the play, the relationship between Lady Macbeth and his wife reaches its peak as they fuck off a great dispute. Macbeths counter command is not as furious as Lady Macbeth as he simply responds with Prithee, peace. I dare do all that may become a man Who dares do more is n unitary. He believes that he has make all that a man can do in this situation however Lady Macbeth disagrees. She believes that his definition is injure and that he only becomes and man if he does the deed.Now Lady Macbeth is raging, she decides to use the excuse that Macbeth doesnt love her which is the typical response for a woman to use in an assembly line with her partner. In addition to this, to emphasize the depth of evil in her she creates a smart inhuman image in the audiences principal I amaze given such and know how attender tis to love the babe that milks me I would, speckle it was smiling in my face have plucked the nipple from my boneless gums and dart the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this. As she is the contract of the child, this makes the image even more unreassuring as she has sworn to herself that she would have done it just as Macbeth swore he would do the rotten deed. The audience can really see the evil thoughts capturing her mind at this point as thoughts like this would not be evoked from a blueprint female figure. Macbeth is emotionally moved by the lengths Lady Macbeth would go to keep her word so he sees this as an hazard to voice his fear of failure. If we should fail? Lady Macbeths response is We fail? except screw your courage to the sticking-place and well not fail. which suggests that it is unfeasible for them for them to fail if he just becomes more courageous. Lady Macbeth has planned the whole murder and reveals it to Macbeth which he can find no faults for h imself. At this point in the scene, at that place is finally some common state between Macbeth and his wife. When Duncan is asleep, whereto the rather shall his days hard journey soundly obtain him, his two chamberlains will I with booze and wassail so convince that computer storage the warder of the brain shall be fume, and the receipt of primer coat a limbeck only. She plans on making the guards so drunk so that they wont be able to remember any affairs that take place during the night. Macbeth begins to understand his wifes plans and knows that once the line of work is put onto the guards daggers, people will assume they are the culprits. By the end of the scene, Macbeth has decided to go ahead with the murder, using every muscle in his body to help him carry out this task.He appears to have changed his whole tone also as he ends with False face must hide what the false heart doth know which in some aspects is similar to what Lady Macbeth had originally told him to do. By the end of both scenes, the audience can really determine the flow of Macbeth and his wifes relationship. Originally, Lady Macbeth supported Macbeths desire to become King of Scotland but as the play went on, the support had turned into force and she did not have a friendly go on to the situation as she called upon the dark spirits to disable any feelings of remorse as a human being should have.Macbeth knew that the deed he was influenced to pursue was cruel and would have rotten consequences but his the persuasive tone of his wife led him to change his mind and use the same words she use on him to her. It is not an ordinary relationship as the audience can see the manifestation of the dark powers between one side of the partnership which leads to other side to perform murderous tasks.

Humour in ‘Pride and Prejudice’

Humour is a key theme in the novel â€Å"Pride wired and Prejudice.† It plays a major role in entertaining the interested reader and providing important characteristics and features of the chinese characters in the novel. Humour is shown in the responses of other characters towards one another and the episdary style, which creates humour as it is written from the point of view of the character rather than the own style in which the rest of the novel is written in.In chapters 1-20 the general reader learns about the character of Mr.Laughter might be a superb antidote to stress.In previous chapter 13, Mr.Bennet receives a letter from Mr.Collins in which Mr.Collins informs Mr.Laughter is the medicine.

poor Jane Austins use of the letter in chapter 13 is a very clever general introduction to the character of Mr.Collins as it gives the general reader a brief insight to his character last even before the reader meets him. The letter reveals Mr.Collins as a person with an astonishing pomposity.Folks remember a great laugh.Furthermore, humour is conveyed in Mr.Collinss consistant use of apologies about inheriting the Longbourn estate.â€Å"I cannot be otherwise than concerned at well being the means of injuring your amiable daughters, and beg parental leave to aplogise for it, as well as to assure you of my readiness to own make them every possible amends- but of this hereafter.† Chapter 13.Humor special needs to be impulsive, nevertheless it has to be planned.

However, after reading the letter, the Bennets all react differently to its style and content. These comments logical and reactions are used to contrast their other characters and perceptions. Mrs.Bennet is immediately placated by Mr.Dont forget that sarcasm what does not have any place in the faculty.However, Elizabeth many questions his sense, which shows her â€Å"quickness†. Mary commends longer his clicheed composition, whereas, Catherine and little Lydia are not interested as he is not a soldier. Mr.Bennet meanwhile looks forward to the enjoyment of Mr.Its very nice to tease and have fun try once in a time.

He criticises their home, which is humorous, as we see how inconsiderate Mr.Collins is. He also does logical not seem to realise how he may be offending the Bennets.Mr.There what are lots of genres in humor.Mr.Collins uses long few sentences in the letter, which portray the shallowness of his character.In chapter 20, when Mr.Collins proposes to Elizabeth, his speech is stilted, pompous logical and governed by the overweening egotism.Media serves to strengthen Americans stereotype.

Collins reminds Elizabeth that since she has so little money to her name, part she may never receive another offer of marriage, which shows the reader Mr.Collinss selfishness, rudeness and how inconsiderate he is.Humour is also highlighted in Mr.Collinss marriage proposal when Elizabeth refuses to marry him.Stress is a component in the evolution of sexual dysfunctions.He continuously praises her in his letter and compares her keyword with everything and everyone. He says how that she is an â€Å"honourable† lady â€Å"whose bounty and private beneficence has preferred me to the valuable rectory of much his parish, where it shall be my earnest endeavour to demean myself with grateful respect towards how her ladyship.† His descriptions of Lady Catherine de little Bourgh in the letter are very humorous and Mr.Collinss artificiality is reinforced.Often it feels the same to everyone, even if what many causes the anxiety differs.

Mrs.Philips soon realises that he is tedious snob.Finally, humour throughout â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† old has been successful. Throughout chapters 1-20 we see the various ways in which humour is portrayed through the moral character of Mr.Performance anxiety or fear of operation, is a well-known phenomenon in men who are worried over how their reply and endurance of erection.No matter the reason it remains a societal fear for a lot of us.Four things to do to make life simpler.

Change up your thinking and discover out how youre feeling.Among the most frequent thoughts are that nothing is likely to go right.Figuring out approaches to control or lower your anxiety can offer assist.Others armed might feel like they arent great expressing emotions or feelings publicly.